Fuel-burner construction.



s. LEESE. FUEL BURNER CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7| l9l7-.

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INVE TOR WITNESSES nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn N Patented. Apr. 9,1918.

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THADDEUS S. LEESE, OF AVALON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF T0 FREDERICK T. ASCHMAN, OF BEAVER, PENNSYLVANIA.

FUEL-BURNER CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed March 7, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THADDEUS S. Lnnsn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Avalon, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel- Burner Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in fuel burner apparatus for either gaseous or solid fuel, and refers particularly to means for inducing a copious supply or current of air, in connection with the fuel being burned, whereby to facilitate or increase the combustion.

The invention consists, generally stated, in providing a conduit communicating with the atmosphere at one end and with a flue, chimney, stack, or other conduit for the products of combustion at the other end, whereby to set up a current of air therethrough, and so combined or associated with the fuel. burner, grate bars, or other fuel supporting or containing element as to effect a positive inflow of a portion of the induced current of atmospheric air, whereby to com bine with the fuel a material addition to the ordinary supply of atmospheric air.

Ordinarily, in the combustion of gaseous or other fuel, it is customary to introduce the fuel to the combustion chamber and to admit the necessary air thereto by ordinary draft of the fuel in combustion, or as in the case of gas, as induced by the injection action of the gas itself. 7

In my invention I effect a positive air supply by deflecting a portion of a positively induced current, thus producing an air pressure as the air enters the mixer or combustion chamber equal to or in excess of the pressure of the gas itself.

The material advantage in so doing is that all of the gas is utilized, effecting complete combustion and resulting economy and a maximum heat per unit of fuel used.

Certain preferred arrangements or adaptations of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view of the invention in sectional elevation, as applied to an ordinary gas heating stove.

Fig. 2 is a similar viewin sectional elevation indicated by the broken line II, II, of #Fig. 1. p V Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view illustrat- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. a, rare.

Serial No. 153,176.

ing a modified construction of the mixer chamber.

Fig. 4 is a view in sectional elevation of a conventional boiler setting and furnace equipped with the invention.

Referring to the drawings, 2 represents the casing or frame of an ordinary gas heating stove provided with an outlet flue 3 leading into a chimney or other flue conduit l for carrying off the products of combustion. Such conduit is ordinarily of sufiicient height to effect a draft upwardly, as in any ordinary chimney construction. It is connected with the interior of the stove 2 by the conduit 5 which as shown, is open at its front end and provided with a damper as indicated at 6, for entrance of the gaseous products of combustion resulting from the burning of the gas in the grate or other corresponding element 7 Grate 7 may be of any conventional form and is provided with a centrally. arranged gas conduit or pipe 8, open at its lower end for introduction of gas and air as is commonly the practice with the usual mixer. Gas is supplied thereto by a terminal jet pipe 9 leading from a supply pipe 10 having the usual controlling valve 11, mounted in any suitable way to adapt it to the construction or design of the stove or its base.

Surrounding the conduit 8 is a shell or coping 12, preferably flaring at the bottom portion as shown, and spaced outwardly from the central conduit 8, whereby to provide for a copious supply of inwardly flowing air as indicated by the arrows.

Upwardly beyond the outer portion of the shell 12, which is preferably somewhat contracted around the central tube with an intervening air circulation space or spaces 13, is a conduit or conduits 14, leading upwardly and into the flue conduit 5. In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, I have shown two such conduits 14 arranged in curved form at each side of the grate and leading into the flue conduit. As will be observed these conduits may be arranged in various ornamental formation or design to give a pleasing and ornamental effect.

In operation, ignition of the fuel emerging upwardly through the grate results in the heated products of combustion passing upwardly through the interior of the stove and by opening in damper 6 and conduits 5 and 3 to the flue 4C, thereby creating a nor mal draft of usual strength. By this means an induced flow of air is elfected through conduit or conduits 1d, correspondingly inducing an inflow of atmospheric air at considerable velocity through the bottom and into the interior of shell 12. A portion of such air passes into the interior of conduit 8, especially as induced by the diminishing upper portion of the shell, in the manner of an injector, carrying with it the fuel and becoming thoroughly mixed therewith in passing to the grate. The air current may be regulated by partly closing the'bottom of shell. 1.2 or by manipulating the valve of damper 6, by its. stem 15, or by setting damper valve 16 of conduit 3, such control of the products of combustion corre spondingly effecting the air supply current.

In Fig. 3 I show the same general. con struction of mixing chamber as above'described and similarly indicated by corresponding numerals, but provided with a supplemental, inner shell 17 leading inwardly toward the bottom of pipe 8 with intervenspaccs 13 whereby to directly lead the air toward the central bottom inlet opening of the air conduit and thus increase the tendency of the air, or much of it, to pass therethrough.

In Fig. l: I show an ordinary furnace construction for use with solid fuel, as coal, which is'burnt in the ordinary way in the furnace'chumber 7 over the usual grate bars. In such case a conduit 1 F eads upwardly to any desired point and is connected with the flue d whereby to induce afiow of air in the manner above described. The lower end of conduit 14b is provided with an air inlet terminal 12, and a supplemental pipe 8 is provided, the inlet end of which is directed downwardly into the centralportion of the air inlet current location of conduit 1 i the other end of the pipe leading upwardly by one or more terminals to a point immediately below the grate bars for delivery of air thereto. 7

By this means the customary draft of the furnace induces a flow of air through the furnace chamber, facilitating the combustion of the fueland practically eflecting a forced draft. 7

The invention is in direct contrast with of the usual forced draft furnaces or furnace constructions heretofore used, utiliz= ing suction fans, exhaust steam, or t-helike,

'in that it induces an independent air circulation, at an increased pressure over atmospheric pressure, anda portion of which current is deflected directly into the fuel combustion chamber under such increased pressure, by the effect of the normal draft itself.

The advantages of. the invention will be readily appreciated by all those familiar with the combustion of fueheitherfor domestic or industrial uses or purposes. It increases the vefliciencyof the fuel because of the more perfect combustion, with a. corre sponding economy a ndregularity. It provides for an ample air supply by means Of the indirect connection with the flue itself, thus eliminating the necessity ofany positive draft-producing mechanism. greatly augments t-heordmary pressure of the fuel, when gas is used, thus overcoming any of the disadvantages- 0f low'or insuf ficicnt pressure. lt provides' an ainple o'utlet for the waste products orby-products of combustionwithout in any way injuriously affectingthe desired results or reducing or exhausting the heat,-because of the accurate control of the draft so as to prevent exces sive outflow of the products of combustion.

The invention may be variously utilized or adapted to different conditions of use or may be changed or modified in construction or design or otherwise by the skilled me chanic, but all such changes ormodifications are to be considered as within the scope of the following claims.

What; I claim is:

1. A fuel combustion apparatus, compris ing a combustion chamber and a burner therein, an outlet flue, an air circulation'conduit having an enlarged air inlet terminal opening to the atmosphere below the combustion chamber and connected withthe' flue above said chamber, and an air supply con- ,duit for the combustion chamber "having an intake terminal extending downwardly'into the enlarged 'termmal ofthe air clrculation conduit and. ad'elivery "terminal extending for the burner having adownwardly dis the burner and connected with the ema 7 a higher level, and an: air supply conduit posed intake conduit located within said en larg'ed inlet opening and leading upwardly,

to the'burner.

a. A fuel combustion apparatus comprising a icombustio-n chamber and a burner therein, an outlet flue, a gas andair' conda t ead n vardlrte a d .b rfl having an'open'downwardly" disposed iower end, a gas supply jet pipe leading into said gas and air conduit and an air inlet shell surrounding the lower end of said conduit and having a pair of laterally offset portions extending upwardly and leading into a flue terminal having an inlet opening for products of combustion.

5. A fuel combustion apparatus comprising a combustion chamber and a burner therein, an outlet flue, a gas and air conduit connected with said burner extending downwardly and having an open lower end, a gas supply pipe leading thereinto, and an open bottom shell surrounding the open bottom of said conduit and provided with a lateral air circulation conduit extending upwardly and having a flue terminal, said shell having an inwardly deflected supplemental shell for directing incoming air to the inlet of the fuel conduit.

6. A fuel combustion apparatus comprising a combustion chamber,v a burner chamher, a fuel burner therein, a flue for carrying off the products of combustion from the burner chamber, an air circulation conduit having its upper end connected with the flue above the burner chamber and its lower end enlarged to facilitate entrance of atmospheric air, and an air conduit for the burner chamber leading upwardly thereto and having a lower terminal located within the enliarged lower end of the air circulation conuit.

7. A fuel combustion apparatus comprising a combustion chamber, an outlet flue, an air circulation conduit having a terminal opening to the atmosphere below the combustion chamber and connected with the flue above said chamber, an air supply conduit for the combustion chamber having its inlet terminal extending within said air circulation conduit and opening against the flow of air therein, said air supply conduit having its outlet adjacent the point of combustion.

8. A fuel combustion apparatus compris ing a combustion chamber, an outlet flue, an air circulation conduit having an enlarged inlet terminal opening to the atmosphere below the combustion chamber and connected with the flue above said chamber, and an air supply conduit for the combustion chamber having its inlet terminal centrally spaced and extending within said air circulation conduit and opening against the flow of air therein, said air supply conduit having its outlet at the point of combustion.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

THADDEUS s. LEEsE.

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Washington, D. C. 

